Drug Metabolism Pathway Analysis Services
Drug metabolism refers to the process in which a drug changes its chemical structure under the action of a variety of drug-metabolizing enzymes in the body (especially liver drug enzymes).
There are two results after the biotransformation of the drug in the body:
- Inactivation, becoming a non-pharmacologically active drug;
- Activation, which changes from non-pharmacological activity to pharmacologically active metabolites or produces toxic metabolites, or maintains the original pharmacological effects after metabolism.
Creative Biolabs is a professional bio-technology services platform, with professional researchers and strict quality control, we can provide drug metabolism functional analysis services.
There are two types of drug metabolic pathway responses:
- Phase I reaction is a functional group reaction, it is a reaction that produces structural changes on drug molecules. Including drug oxidation, reduction and hydrolysis reactions. These reactions generate primary metabolites, and the activity of drug molecules is changed, but not completely inhibited. As a result of the reaction, the molecule is introduced or converted into some more polar functional groups, such as hydroxyl, carboxyl, amino and sulfhydryl groups.
- Phase II reaction refers to the combination reaction of drugs or primary metabolites produced by the first phase reaction with substances in the body. The combination reaction completely inactivates all drugs, increases water solubility and becomes easy to excrete.
There are mainly two kinds of catalytic enzymes in drug metabolism: The most important is the cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzyme system, also known as hepatic drugenzymes.
- Specific enzyme: cholinesterase monoamine oxidase
- Nonspecific enzyme: mixed functional oxidase system of hepatocellular microsomes.
Drug metabolism diagram
Drug metabolism pathway:
- Liver metabolism
- Intestinal Metabolism
The liver is the main organ for drug removal, and liver removal includes liver metabolism and bile excretion.
Many drugs are metabolized when they pass through the intestinal wall after being absorbed in the small intestine, resulting in a decrease in the bioavailability of the drug.
What we can provid:
- Combine oxidation reaction generating device with instrument analysis system.
- Quickly analyze which active sites on drug molecules will be oxidized during metabolism.
- Directly detect active metabolic intermediates.
- Infer possible metabolites.
References
- Tengfei Ma, Peng Liu, et al. Magnetic Nanomaterials in Chinese Medicine Chemical Composition Analysis and Drug Metabolism and Its Industry Prospect and Development Path Research. Journal of Chemistry, 2020, 2020.
- Nobuhito Mori, Yasuyuki S. Kida. Expression of genes involved in drug metabolism differs between perfusable 3D liver tissue and conventional 2D-cultured hepatocellular carcinoma cells. FEBS Open Bio, 2020, 10(10).
- Drugs and Therapies - Drug Metabolism and Disposition; Findings from Genentech Inc. Yields New Findings on Drug Metabolism and Disposition (Bioactivation of Alpha,beta-unsaturated Carboxylic Acids Through Acyl Glucuronidation). Chemicals & Chemistry, 2020.
*For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures.